Kabbalah

The Four Sons: An inner view of the Haggadah

by Yedidah on April 12, 2022

We have four responses to the will to give unconditionally. These are reflected in the Haggadah by the story of the four sons.

When we first look at the Haggadah, it seems to be a collection of somewhat disconnected paragraphs, with the overall motif being the story of the Children of Israel coming out of Egypt.
 However, Rabbi Shimon Bar Yochai teaches in the Zohar that the Torah is not a history book. Rather, it is a book of instruction that deals with our present day relationship with the Divine. Just as a person wears clothes, so does the Torah itself wear a garment. The garments of the Torah are the stories we find within it. But just as nobody is silly enough to mistake the garment for the person, so we need to look beneath the surface of these stories to find the real essence of the Torah. To take the stories at face value and think that they are all the Torah is, is just as silly as relating to a person only from the outer clothes that he or she wears.
 So when we sit down on Seder night to read the Haggadah, our purpose is not to tell a story of what happened 3000 years ago, but to examine in what way we are in exile now from ourselves and from our Creator, and to discover what redemption from that exile comprises. Packed within the words of the Haggadah is both the soul’s experience of exile, and our joy in redemption, in the reconnection that God uniquely grants us on Seder night, the holy night of freedom. Only when we recognize our own exile we can value the freedom that God gives us the opportunity to gain.

These motifs are very well portrayed in the section of the Haggadah on the four sons. It is a section that seems baffling, even silly when regarded in an external manner, but when we explore it using our knowledge of the language of the Zohar and the insights we gain from Kabbalah as taught by the great Kabbalist Rabbi Yehudah Leib Ashlag we discover that this is a section that clearly defines what constitutes redemption and what constitutes exile, and also examines our sometimes unexpected responses to the light of redemption.

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prayer in the courtyard in time of corona

Many people contact me and ask me if Judaism has a spiritual path. What they have in mind is the connection with the soul. The spiritual wares of other religions, for example, Zen or Tibetan  Buddhism, Hindu Yoga, or Sufism from the Islam tradition seem somehow to be more accessible than is the Jewish path.  These paths advocate meditation, ascetic practices, or other techniques designed to bring a person into awareness of his own selfishness and of his ego and to come into contact with the Divine part of his or herself the soul.

Since these paths opened up to the West,  we find many Jews who are drawn to these spiritual paths. The fact remains that Jews are by nature a deeply spiritual people. And ultimately they are not completely comfortable with the materialism of the Western rationalist culture.

 So we need to ask the question Where is Judaism’s spiritual path? Why is it so much more difficult for Jews to access their own path? Indeed, I was brought up in an Orthodox Jewish home in London. We kept all the customs and the rituals of Orthodox Judaism yet I also found myself asking this question.

I, personally, never really doubted that Judaism has a spiritual path because I understood for myself that it would not have been possible for the Jewish people to have survived 2000 years of persecution and dispersion without one. Not only that, but in my view, it had to be a very profound spiritual path, because Jews throughout history, whether formally religious or not, were nevertheless, when in dire circumstances, willing to die for their faith rather than give up who they were. We could not have had this dedication to our faith if it had been based purely on social content, customs, or rituals alone. It definitely had to have a deep spiritual content.

So my question became not “Does Judaism have a spiritual path? but what is Judaism’s spiritual path?”

The answer to this question lies in the unique inclusiveness of Judaism’s spirituality: In other religions, there is a separation between the physical world and the spiritual world. People who wish to dedicate their lives to spirituality live separately from the physical world, as ascetics, hermits, or monks. But Judaism sees the world as a whole. It sees the physical dimension of the world, its physical dimension as being, in itself, spiritual.

Life itself is sacred in all its manifestations and it is through life itself that God communicates with us.

So how does Judaism’s spiritual path work?

The Kabbalah teaches us that every element in this physical world comes directly from the spiritual worlds above. Not only that but our actions and words in this world affect the functioning of the spiritual worlds. So there are invisible but real threads connecting us to the spiritual worlds. Where are these spiritual worlds to be found? Both surrounding us, and within us. Deep within our own soul.

The Torah is the bridge between the physical and the spiritual and all aspects of it are needed, the written, and revealed Torah and the oral tradition, the Halachah and the Kabbalah. All elements need to unite to give us the whole spritual path, , the inclusive spiritual path that is the heritage of every Jew.

This podcast is dedicated in loving memory and for the ilui Nishmat of Feigi Bat Rivka z”l and Aharon Kotler z”l and Sara Kotler z”l, May their memories be a blessing for us.

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Getting to the Heart of the Matter: Rabbi Ashlag’s Unique Contribution

by Yedidah September 27, 2020
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Rabbi Yehudah Leib Ashlag, whose 66th yahrzeit falls on this Yom Kippur, the holiest day of the Jewish Year, not only penetrated and opened the Torah of the holy Ari and the holy Zohar but showed us the pathways of love that form the heart of Judaism.

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Coronavirus, Chaos, and Kabbalah

by Yedidah June 22, 2020
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Our world, both politically and culturally is in turmoil. Our value systems are being turned upside down. Freedom of speech in the West is no longer guaranteed. Our economic systems serve only a few with the majority suffering under huge burdens. And, in more than one country, democracy itself and the freedom of the individual are under attack. All this was true before, but now added to that is the Coronavirus crisis and the latest riots in the US and the world. Where are we heading?
Times of chaos are definitely uncomfortable for us: and we are the individuals who are destined to live through them. But such times also provide opportunities for us to reassess our values and to make new decisions in the directions that we, as individuals, as families, and as communities want to go.

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Why do we feel conflicted over Torah and mitzvot? – a post for Shavuot

by Yedidah May 26, 2020
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All the Jewish people living today are sparks of the 600, 000 root souls of Israel that stood together at Mount Sinai and received the Torah. Those root souls are us. We reincarnate, time and again, throughout the generations. And so we too stood together at the foot of the Mountain and experienced the voice of God. That moment is forever etched into our souls.

On the other hand when we are told what is in the Torah, we begin to see it makes demands on us. It demands that we work with it,  learn it, practice it.  It makes ethical demands, in action not just in thought. It has mitzvot for us to keep whether they are convenient or not, whether we have grown up with them or not; mitzvot which declare our relationship with God as well as delineating our ethical relationship with our fellow human being; mitzvot of action and of feeling; mitzvot of thought and speech. The Torah demands a living, active relationship with God, here in the now. Not as something historical. The Torah doesn’t let us bask in a cozy armchair feeling of being one of the chosen people but it demands a relationship in the present. A renewed covenant, a renewed commitment. That is the meaning for us of the upcoming festival of Shavuot.

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Why was Kabbalah concealed and why is it being revealed now?

by Yedidah January 28, 2020
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Why was Kabbalah hidden form previous generations, and why is it revealed to us now? We find it is not because we are worthy, but that without Kabbalah we cannot fulfill the purpose of our lives and come to the full redemption which is now close.

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